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Types of Anxiety Disorders Everyone experiences anxiety and fear at times, but when these feelings are severe or ongoing and interfere with daily life, they could indicate an anxiety disorder. Psychotherapy or talk therapy and medications are effective treatments. First, talk to your doctor to rule any physical issues out that could be causing symptoms. A psychiatrist or mental health professional will diagnose the type anxiety disorder you suffer from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone feels anxious at times, and there can be good reasons to be concerned about things such as job responsibility, health, or financial. If the anxiety becomes continuous and engulfs your life, it could be a more serious anxiety disorder, also known as generalized anxiety disorder. GAD is characterised by fear and anxiety that can affect the entire life of a person. They tend to think that they are the worst and that minor problems can turn into major catastrophes. GAD can affect anyone. It typically begins in adolescence or childhood, but can occur at any point. It is twice as common in women and those born female. GAD can cause physical issues such as headaches or stomachaches. It can also make it difficult to sleep. It can also affect social and work activities, cause people to withdraw from family or friends, and contribute to the loss of self-esteem. People suffering from severe, chronic GAD are at greater chance of developing depression. However, treatment can help to manage both disorders. The exact cause of anxiety disorders is not known however, they are related to genes and changes in brain structure that alter the way your body reacts to stress. Certain experts believe that an imbalance of neurotransmitters within the brain also plays in. GAD is not curable, but it can be controlled by psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medication. Psychotherapy or talk therapy comprises several therapies that help you recognize and alter unhealthy thoughts, emotions and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a kind of talk therapy that will assist you in overcoming your thinking patterns that are unbalanced and reduce your fears by confronting them. Some physical symptoms such as heart palpitations or dizziness can be alleviated by medication. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines and some medicines used to treat seizures, like hydroxyzine. GAD isn't easy to identify, but it is important to seek help if you notice worrying and other symptoms of the disorder. Early treatment is more effective because it helps you control the physical and mental symptoms before they take over your life. Panic disorder This kind of anxiety disorder is characterized by frequent episodes of intense fear and terror that reach a peak within minutes (panic attacks). The disorder can also trigger chest pain, shortness breath or the sensation that your heart is fluttering or beating (heart palpitations). They worry that the symptoms they're experiencing could be signs of a heart attack. People with panic disorder are at risk for developing other anxiety disorders, and may be at a higher risk of depression and other health issues, such as asthma or hyperthyroidism. The cause of anxiety disorders isn't known however, researchers believe they arise from a mix of factors. Some research suggests they may be caused by brain circuits that regulate fear and emotion. Other studies suggest that genetics, life experiences like childhood abuse or traumatizing events are typical causes of anxiety disorders. A large number of people with anxiety problems have a first-degree relative with the condition. People who have anxiety disorders can be anxious all the time even though they know that their fears are unfounded. This can cause problems in social situations, at work or school. In disorders anxiety , many sufferers of anxiety disorders have difficulties sleeping or eating well. They may also experience tension in the muscles, irritability and trouble concentrating. A person suffering from generalized anxious disorder may worry about a variety of everyday tasks such as work responsibilities and family issues. They might also feel anxious, easily fatigued or have difficulty concentrating. They might also worry about their own safety or that of others. The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. Treatments include medicine, psychotherapy and complementary health techniques. A mental health professional will assist you in identifying the condition that causes your symptoms, and recommend the best treatment. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can help you manage anxiety and lessen panic attacks. Different types of psychotherapy are available, including cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure response prevention. These therapies can be performed individually or in group. Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder is a severe condition that can hinder everyday life. It causes extreme anxiety, fear, and aversion to social situations. It usually starts in childhood, but can be present in the early years of adulthood. It is usually manifested as anxiety over specific social situations, like speaking in class or going out on dates, or it could be more generalized and involve avoidance of any situation that could cause being considered unpopular by others. The person with SAD may recognize that their fear is irrational however, they feel powerless. They try to manage their symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this makes them feel even more anxious. They may also adopt “safety behavior” to lessen their anxiety. For instance, they might drink alcohol, avoid talking to others, or avoid eye contact. Certain people suffering from SAD may benefit from medication in addition to psychotherapy. These drugs, also referred to as antidepressants, can aid in balancing the levels of some neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). If panic anxiety disorder or someone you know has social anxiety disorder, it's crucial to seek treatment. If not treated, the condition could be debilitating and lead to other mental health issues such as depression or substance abuse. If you or someone else you know is suffering from suicidal thoughts contact 911 or your local crisis line or text TALK (741741) to consult with a crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders are extremely treatable, but only about 1 in 4 people who need treatment receive it. The main barriers to treatment are ignorance that anxiety disorders are real, low investment in mental health services, and stigma. It is also essential that your healthcare provider knows the various types of anxiety disorders, to ensure you get the right diagnosis and treatment. Request your doctor to refer you to a mental health professional when you're unsure if you suffer from anxiety disorders or use an online screening tool. Specific Phobias A person with a particular phobia has a persistent and intense fear of one or more objects or situations like animals, animals, or people. These fears are usually in contrast to the risk that the object or event presents, but they may cause distress and hinder daily functioning. In contrast to other types of anxiety disorders, specific phobias are characterized by anxiety over one stimulus, rather than multiple stimuli. The target of the phobia can be anything, from heights to dogs as well as injections, flying, and areas that are crowded. This is a common occurrence, more often in men than women, and is more likely to start in adolescence or childhood. People who suffer from specific phobias are aware that their fears are irrational but this doesn't diminish the severity of their symptoms. Children who have specific fears typically outgrow them. However, if the phobia persists into adulthood it can be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder based on the symptoms reported and their impact on everyday functioning. Before diagnosing a phobia, doctors are able to rule out other disorders with similar symptoms, such as agoraphobia, or social anxiety disorder. In past DSM editions, patients of adult age needed to recognize their irrational fear as a part of the diagnosis, but the 2013 edition says it is no longer necessary for adults. There are two kinds of treatment for specific phobias: cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses primarily on teaching people better coping mechanisms and changing their response to fear. Exposure-based treatment involves gradual and systematic exposure of the object or situation that is feared. Patients may begin by thinking about the object or event and then move to looking at photos of the subject, then taking steps towards it (such as walking past an elevator) or holding the toy snake, taking it to a zoo and looking at real snakes, and then being in a noisy elevator. This type of therapy may not cure a fear, but it may reduce the intensity. Other treatment options for specific fears include medications such as antidepressants and anxiety drugs, and psychotherapy. People with specific phobias who test these therapies often experience better outcomes.